Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia

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Balance of payments statistics on current, capital and financial transactions and the international investment position statement

Reference period

September 2021

Released

30/11/2021

View all releases

Key statistics

The current account surplus, seasonally adjusted, rose $1,016m to $23,886m.
The capital and financial account deficit fell $2,610m to $21,835m.
Australia’s net IIP liability position was $860,149m at 30 September 2021.

Main features

Key figures (a)
	Jun Qtr 2021 ($m)	Sep Qtr 2021 ($m)
Balance on current account (b)	22,870	23,886
Balance on goods and services (b)	30,810	38,911
Net primary income (b)	-6,602	-14,327
Capital and financial account	-24,445	-21,835
International investment position (c)	898,483	860,149

(a) Trend series is not published from June Quarter 2019
(b) Seasonally adjusted
(c) Levels at end of period

Current account balance (a), main aggregates
	Current account balance ($b)	Net goods & services ($b)	Net primary income ($b)
Sep-17	-11.9	2.1	-13.7
Dec-17	-14.7	-0.1	-14.3
Mar-18	-11.8	2.3	-14.1
Jun-18	-13.9	1.8	-15.6
Sep-18	-9.6	6.9	-16.2
Dec-18	-5.1	10.7	-15.6
Mar-19	-3.7	12.5	-15.8
Jun-19	3.5	17.8	-14.5
Sep-19	7.9	21.5	-13.3
Dec-19	4.4	16.6	-11.8
Mar-20	7.7	18.0	-10.1
Jun-20	16.6	21.7	-4.5
Sep-20	10.3	13.9	-3.0
Dec-20	16.9	19.5	-1.9
Mar-21	19.9	26.3	-6.0
Jun-21	22.9	30.8	-6.6
Sep-21	23.9	38.9	-14.3

Current account balance (a), main aggregates

["","Current account balance","Net goods & services","Net primary income"]

[["Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21"],[[-11.9],[-14.699999999999999],[-11.800000000000001],[-13.9],[-9.5999999999999996],[-5.0999999999999996],[-3.7000000000000002],[3.5],[7.9000000000000004],[4.4000000000000004],[7.7000000000000002],[16.600000000000001],[10.300000000000001],[16.899999999999999],[19.899999999999999],[22.899999999999999],[23.899999999999999]],[[2.1000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[2.2999999999999998],[1.8],[6.9000000000000004],[10.699999999999999],[12.5],[17.800000000000001],[21.5],[16.600000000000001],[18],[21.699999999999999],[13.9],[19.5],[26.300000000000001],[30.800000000000001],[38.899999999999999]],[[-13.699999999999999],[-14.300000000000001],[-14.1],[-15.6],[-16.199999999999999],[-15.6],[-15.800000000000001],[-14.5],[-13.300000000000001],[-11.800000000000001],[-10.1],[-4.5],[-3],[-1.8999999999999999],[-6],[-6.5999999999999996],[-14.300000000000001]]]

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(a) Seasonally adjusted estimates at current prices.

International investment position
	Net IIP ($b)	Net Foreign Equity ($b)	Net Foreign Debt ($b)
Sep-17	974.8	-56.2	1,031.1
Dec-17	1,009.7	-52.9	1,062.5
Mar-18	975.9	-92.1	1,068.0
Jun-18	1,009.5	-82.0	1,091.6
Sep-18	996.1	-106.3	1,102.4
Dec-18	1,037.8	-103.8	1,141.6
Mar-19	1,028.4	-127.6	1,156.0
Jun-19	1,041.3	-142.0	1,183.3
Sep-19	1,029.4	-175.8	1,205.2
Dec-19	957.2	-229.6	1,186.8
Mar-20	892.9	-312.5	1,205.4
Jun-20	975.8	-168.1	1,143.8
Sep-20	988.5	-204.0	1,192.5
Dec-20	994.1	-199.8	1,193.9
Mar-21	930.2	-245.0	1,175.2
Jun-21	898.5	-296.4	1,194.9
Sep-21	860.1	-330.9	1,191.1

International investment position

["","Net IIP","Net Foreign Equity","Net Foreign Debt"]

[["Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21"],[[974.83199999999999],[1009.668],[975.89599999999996],[1009.5170000000001],[996.08100000000002],[1037.7760000000001],[1028.375],[1041.317],[1029.3579999999999],[957.22699999999998],[892.91800000000001],[975.75199999999995],[988.54399999999998],[994.10500000000002],[930.17899999999997],[898.48299999999995],[860.149]],[[-56.219999999999999],[-52.865000000000002],[-92.134],[-82.037000000000006],[-106.285],[-103.833],[-127.607],[-142.01300000000001],[-175.84399999999999],[-229.61000000000001],[-312.50799999999998],[-168.065],[-203.97200000000001],[-199.773],[-245.03899999999999],[-296.43000000000001],[-330.91899999999998]],[[1031.0519999999999],[1062.5329999999999],[1068.0309999999999],[1091.5530000000001],[1102.366],[1141.6079999999999],[1155.9829999999999],[1183.3299999999999],[1205.202],[1186.838],[1205.4259999999999],[1143.817],[1192.5150000000001],[1193.8779999999999],[1175.2180000000001],[1194.913],[1191.067]]]

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COVID-19 in this publication

Suspension of trend estimates

The trend series attempts to measure underlying behaviour of international trade activity. In the short term, this measurement will be significantly affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent changes to regular patterns in international trade that will occur during this time. If the trend estimates in this publication were to be calculated without fully accounting for this unusual event, they would provide a misleading view of underlying international trade activity.

It may be some time before the underlying trend in international trade activity can be accurately estimated. The trend series has therefore been suspended from June quarter 2019 and will be reinstated when more certainty emerges in the underlying trend in international trade.

Seasonal adjustment and COVID-19

International Accounts uses the concurrent seasonal adjustment method, meaning that seasonal factors are re-estimated each time new data becomes available. If not appropriately accounted for, unusual events, such as COVID-19, can distort estimates calculated using this method. From March quarter 2020, seasonal factors for series that have been notably impacted by COVID-19 will be calculated using data up to and including December quarter 2019, then projected from March quarter 2020 onwards. This approach, known as the forward factor method, ensures that the seasonal factors are not distorted by COVID-19 impacts.

The ABS has advised users that it had moved to using forward factors for seasonal analysis of a number of series, including Travel Services. Current ABS (and international practice) requires at least three years of data to assess whether a change in the seasonal pattern has occurred. Should COVID-19 result in a long-term change to the seasonal pattern then revisions to these series may occur in the future. The ABS will consult with users on any future methods changes to seasonal adjustment and potential revisions.

For more information on interpreting seasonally adjusted estimates of International travel services please see the May 2020 feature article International Travel Services time series which outlines the matter in greater detail.

Changes in this issue

New base year and re-referencing of chain volume estimates and implicit price deflators

A new base year 2019-20 will be introduced into chain volume estimates and implicit price deflators in the September quarter 2021 issue. As a result, the chain volume estimate series and implicit price deflators series will be re-referenced to 2019-20.

Changes to seasonal adjustment method of current price values of: coal, coke and briquettes, metal ores and minerals, and other mineral fuels

As part of an ongoing improvement program within the International Accounts, from the September 2020 release of this publication, independent seasonal adjustment has been be applied when calculating the seasonal patterns for the following export commodities:

Metal, ores & minerals
Coal, coke & briquettes
Other mineral fuels

Independent seasonal adjustment derives separate seasonal adjustment factors for the current price and chain volume measure series. The change was first applied from the September quarter 2019 onwards, and from September quarter 2021, has been applied back to the September quarter 2005 onwards. Previously for these series, seasonal factors derived from the corresponding chain volume measures were used to seasonally adjust the current price value series.

Selected international account ratios - Table 23

The updated annual GDP and GNI benchmarks released in the Australian System of National Accounts, 2020-21 on 29 October 2021 will be revised and incorporated into the quarterly national accounts with the September quarter 2021 issue of Australian National Accounts: National Income Expenditure and Product to be released on 1 December 2021. The revised benchmarks will change the level of the quarterly and annual GDP and GNI used in the ratios for table 23 of this publication. As the ratios using the currently available GDP and GNI would be inconsistent with the revised data, they have been suppressed in this issue. Table 23 in the time series spreadsheets released in conjunction with this publication will be updated with the release of the quarterly Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product on 1 December 2021.

Changes to reporting of derivatives data in September quarter 2021 Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia

From September quarter 2021, the ABS will collect derivative asset and liability activity for banks via the Economic and Financial Statistics Collection (EFS).

The Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) collects data from the financial sector (Authorised Deposit-taking Institutions (ADIs) and Registered Financial Corporations (RFCs) on behalf of the ABS and the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Over the past few years, APRA, the ABS, the RBA, and the financial sector have been working together to modernise the data collection and develop a new set of forms and related guidance called the EFS collection. The fourth and final phase of the EFS collection collects data on derivative activity.

What’s changed?

Derivative asset and derivative liability data are no longer reported by banks to the ABS via the Survey of International Investment. Derivatives data for banks are now collected by APRA on behalf of the ABS.

Enhanced data quality

The derivatives data received via APRA through the EFS collection will enhance data quality for the ABS Balance of Payments and International Investment Position statistics. For example, it provides:

enhanced reporting guidance for financial institutions on derivatives data
updated definitions to align with international standards for compiling economic statistics

The enhanced derivatives data in the quarterly ABS Balance of Payments and International Investment Position statistics have been back cast to December 2013 using approved ABS methodological techniques. Back casting has had minimal impact on historical net positions.

The derivatives data appear in several estimates in the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia publication (see Table 1).

Table no.	Title of table
1	Balance of payments, summary: original - quarter
2	International investment position: by net foreign equity and net foreign debt - quarter
3	Foreign assets and liabilities: by equity and debt - quarter
13	Financial account - quarter
14	International investment: foreign assets - quarter
15	International investment: foreign liabilities - quarter
16	Foreign debt levels - quarter
17	Gross external debt liabilities: levels - quarter
18	Currency and residual maturity of foreign debt - quarter
20	Foreign assets and liabilities by industry - quarter
23	Selected international accounts ratios: seasonally adjusted - quarter
27	International investment: directional principle - quarter
28	Summary of revisions - quarter
29	International investment position: historical summary - quarter
30	Balance of payments, summary: original – financial year

Australian System of National Accounts historical revisions

This issue incorporates Historical Revisions, including changes to the way travel debits are compiled. Please see article "Australian System of National Accounts historical revisions" for more details.

Changes in forthcoming issues

Current Account

Balance on current account in current prices, seasonally adjusted (a) - September quarter 2021
	Jun 21 ($m)	Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 ($m)
Balance on current account	22,870	23,886	1,016
Balance on goods and services	30,810	38,911	8,101
Net goods	28,181	37,397	9,216
Net Services	2,629	1,514	-1,115
Net primary income	-6,602	-14,327	-7,725
Net secondary income	-1338	-697	641

(a) For sign conventions, see the Concepts section in the Explanatory notes in the Methodology.

Terms of trade

Australia's seasonally adjusted terms of trade on net goods and services for the September quarter 2021 rose 0.4% to 123.0, with an increase of 6.3% in the implicit price deflator (IPD) for goods and services credits and an increase of 5.9% in the IPD for goods and services debits.

Implicit price deflator and terms of trade (a)
	Implicit Price Deflator Goods and services credits	Implicit Price Deflator Goods and services debits	Terms of Trade (net Goods and services)
Sep-13	91.5	90.0	101.6
Dec-13	91.9	89.8	102.4
Mar-14	92.7	92.8	99.9
Jun-14	86.8	89.9	96.6
Sep-14	83.5	89.7	93.1
Dec-14	83.2	91.3	91.1
Mar-15	81.3	92.2	88.2
Jun-15	79.3	92.6	85.7
Sep-15	79.5	95.1	83.5
Dec-15	75.8	94.9	79.9
Mar-16	72.2	92.2	78.3
Jun-16	73.7	90.9	81.0
Sep-16	76.3	90.4	84.5
Dec-16	84.7	90.5	93.6
Mar-17	88.6	90.9	97.4
Jun-17	84.9	91.4	92.9
Sep-17	83.5	89.8	93.1
Dec-17	85.3	91.7	92.9
Mar-18	88.2	93.0	94.7
Jun-18	89.8	95.3	94.3
Sep-18	93.6	97.7	95.8
Dec-18	96.9	98.5	98.4
Mar-19	98.1	98.0	100.0
Jun-19	100.4	98.6	101.9
Sep-19	103.0	99.7	103.3
Dec-19	98.8	100.1	98.7
Mar-20	99.2	99.9	99.3
Jun-20	97.2	98.4	98.7
Sep-20	95.3	95.4	99.9
Dec-20	100.3	95.5	105.1
Mar-21	107.5	94.6	113.6
Jun-21	118.6	96.8	122.4
Sep-21	126.0	102.5	123.0

Implicit price deflator and terms of trade (a)

["","Implicit Price Deflator Goods and services credits","Implicit Price Deflator Goods and services debits","Terms of Trade (net Goods and services)"]

[["Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21"],[[91.5],[91.900000000000006],[92.700000000000003],[86.799999999999997],[83.5],[83.200000000000003],[81.299999999999997],[79.299999999999997],[79.5],[75.799999999999997],[72.200000000000003],[73.700000000000003],[76.299999999999997],[84.700000000000003],[88.599999999999994],[84.900000000000006],[83.5],[85.299999999999997],[88.200000000000003],[89.799999999999997],[93.599999999999994],[96.900000000000006],[98.099999999999994],[100.40000000000001],[103],[98.799999999999997],[99.200000000000003],[97.200000000000003],[95.299999999999997],[100.3],[107.5],[118.59999999999999],[126]],[[90],[89.799999999999997],[92.799999999999997],[89.900000000000006],[89.700000000000003],[91.299999999999997],[92.200000000000003],[92.599999999999994],[95.099999999999994],[94.900000000000006],[92.200000000000003],[90.900000000000006],[90.400000000000006],[90.5],[90.900000000000006],[91.400000000000006],[89.799999999999997],[91.700000000000003],[93],[95.299999999999997],[97.700000000000003],[98.5],[98],[98.599999999999994],[99.700000000000003],[100.09999999999999],[99.900000000000006],[98.400000000000006],[95.400000000000006],[95.5],[94.599999999999994],[96.799999999999997],[102.5]],[[101.59999999999999],[102.40000000000001],[99.900000000000006],[96.599999999999994],[93.099999999999994],[91.099999999999994],[88.200000000000003],[85.700000000000003],[83.5],[79.900000000000006],[78.299999999999997],[81],[84.5],[93.599999999999994],[97.400000000000006],[92.900000000000006],[93.099999999999994],[92.900000000000006],[94.700000000000003],[94.299999999999997],[95.799999999999997],[98.400000000000006],[100],[101.90000000000001],[103.3],[98.700000000000003],[99.299999999999997],[98.700000000000003],[99.900000000000006],[105.09999999999999],[113.59999999999999],[122.40000000000001],[123]]]

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(a) Seasonally adjusted, reference year 2019-20 = 100

Relationship between IPD, EPI and IPI

Differences between the IPD and International Trade Price Indexes can arise due to a number of methodological factors including differences in pricing points, timing, coverage and weights.

Price comparison (QoQ % change)
	Implicit price deflators (a)	Implicit price deflators (a)	Chain Laspeyres Indexes (b)	International Trade Price Indexes (b)
	Seasonally Adjusted	Original	Original	Original
Goods exports	6.4	3.8	4.0	6.2
Services exports	3.4	3.5	4.1	na
Goods imports	5.1	4.7	5.7	5.4
Services imports	11.6	11.9	12.0	na

na not available
(a) Reference year 2019-20 = 100.
(b) Source: International Trade Price Indexes, Australia (cat. no. 6457.0).

Implicit price deflators and international trade price indexes
	Implicit Price Deflators Goods credits (a)	Implicit Price Deflators Goods debits (a)	Export Price Index (b)	Import Price Index (b)
Sep-13	91.0	93.8	94.3	105.5
Dec-13	90.7	93.3	93.8	104.9
Mar-14	93.2	96.1	96.4	108.3
Jun-14	84.7	93.1	88.8	105.1
Sep-14	80.6	92.5	85.3	104.3
Dec-14	80.1	93.9	85.3	105.2
Mar-15	78.9	93.5	84.6	105.0
Jun-15	75.5	94.6	80.9	106.5
Sep-15	75.3	96.6	80.9	108.0
Dec-15	71.1	96.3	76.5	107.7
Mar-16	67.5	92.8	72.9	104.5
Jun-16	68.8	91.8	73.9	103.5
Sep-16	71.3	91.3	76.9	102.5
Dec-16	81.8	91.6	88.2	102.7
Mar-17	87.4	92.3	96.0	103.9
Jun-17	82.1	92.4	90.5	103.8
Sep-17	79.7	90.6	87.8	102.1
Dec-17	81.8	92.5	90.3	104.5
Mar-18	86.8	94.0	94.7	106.6
Jun-18	88.1	96.6	96.5	110.0
Sep-18	91.5	98.7	100.1	112.1
Dec-18	95.3	99.4	104.5	112.7
Mar-19	99.0	98.7	109.2	112.1
Jun-19	102.2	99.6	113.3	113.1
Sep-19	103.7	100.4	114.8	113.5
Dec-19	97.9	100.9	108.8	114.3
Mar-20	100.0	99.9	111.7	113.1
Jun-20	98.4	98.5	109.0	110.9
Sep-20	94.0	94.7	103.4	107.0
Dec-20	98.7	94.3	109.1	105.9
Mar-21	108.3	93.9	121.3	106.1
Jun-21	123.9	95.4	137.3	108.1
Sep-21	128.6	99.8	145.8	113.9

Implicit price deflators and international trade price indexes

["","Implicit Price Deflators Goods credits (a)","Implicit Price Deflators Goods debits (a)","Export Price Index (b)","Import Price Index (b)"]

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(a) Reference year 2019-20 = 100
(b) Source: International Trade Price Indexes, Australia.

Balance on goods and services

In seasonally adjusted chain volume terms, the balance on goods and services was a surplus of $12,927m, a rise of $5,292m on the June quarter 2021 surplus of $7,635m.

Assuming no significant revision to June quarter 2021 estimates of Gross Domestic Product, the balance on goods and services is expected to contribute 1.0 percentage points to the September quarter 2021 GDP.

Goods and services, chain volume measures (a)
	Balance on goods and services ($m)	Balance on goods ($m)	Balance on services ($m)
Sep-13	-5,125	3,332	-8,558
Dec-13	-1,856	5,488	-7,340
Mar-14	2,246	8,827	-6,488
Jun-14	156	6,673	-6,394
Sep-14	1,488	8,127	-6,544
Dec-14	5,270	10,369	-4,924
Mar-15	6,307	11,021	-4,514
Jun-15	2,156	7,505	-5,226
Sep-15	7,427	11,896	-4,235
Dec-15	9,147	13,077	-3,815
Mar-16	13,361	16,455	-2,867
Jun-16	12,012	16,239	-3,960
Sep-16	12,176	15,857	-3,567
Dec-16	14,322	17,994	-3,341
Mar-17	8,157	11,803	-3,692
Jun-17	10,552	13,571	-3,192
Sep-17	10,376	14,307	-3,905
Dec-17	7,913	11,615	-3,697
Mar-18	8,657	12,424	-3,810
Jun-18	8,710	12,684	-4,056
Sep-18	12,066	15,413	-3,475
Dec-18	12,703	15,410	-2,907
Mar-19	12,705	14,134	-1,635
Jun-19	15,769	17,301	-1,784
Sep-19	17,439	17,766	-596
Dec-19	18,141	17,407	503
Mar-20	18,799	18,997	-245
Jun-20	23,434	18,086	5,894
Sep-20	14,660	10,235	4,425
Dec-20	14,819	10,740	4,079
Mar-21	12,563	9,762	2,802
Jun-21	7,635	4,276	3,360
Sep-21	12,927	9,868	3,059

Goods and services, chain volume measures (a)

["","Balance on goods and services","Balance on goods","Balance on services"]

[["Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21"],[[-5125],[-1856],[2246],[156],[1488],[5270],[6307],[2156],[7427],[9147],[13361],[12012],[12176],[14322],[8157],[10552],[10376],[7913],[8657],[8710],[12066],[12703],[12705],[15769],[17439],[18141],[18799],[23434],[14660],[14819],[12563],[7635],[12927]],[[3332],[5488],[8827],[6673],[8127],[10369],[11021],[7505],[11896],[13077],[16455],[16239],[15857],[17994],[11803],[13571],[14307],[11615],[12424],[12684],[15413],[15410],[14134],[17301],[17766],[17407],[18997],[18086],[10235],[10740],[9762],[4276],[9868]],[[-8558],[-7340],[-6488],[-6394],[-6544],[-4924],[-4514],[-5226],[-4235],[-3815],[-2867],[-3960],[-3567],[-3341],[-3692],[-3192],[-3905],[-3697],[-3810],[-4056],[-3475],[-2907],[-1635],[-1784],[-596],[503],[-245],[5894],[4425],[4079],[2802],[3360],[3059]]]

[]

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(a) Seasonally adjusted, reference year 2019-20.

Exports of goods (credits)

In seasonally adjusted terms at current prices, goods credits rose $10,461m (9%) to $122,814m, with volumes up 3% and prices up 6%.

Goods credits, price and volume change - seasonally adjusted - September quarter 2021
		Current prices ($m)	Current prices (%)	Chain volume measures (a)(%)	Implicit price deflators (a)(b)(%)
Exports of goods		10,461	9.3	2.7	6.3
	Rural goods	1,562	11.8	4.8	6.6
	Non-rural goods	8,687	9.3	2.5	6.6
	Net exports of goods under merchanting	-12	-10.5	0.0	-10.3
	Non-monetary gold	224	3.9	0.5	3.3

(a) Reference year 2019-20 = 100
(b) Movements in indexes are based on data to four decimal places

Rural goods

Rural goods, current price (seasonally adjusted)
		Jun 21 ($m)	Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 (%)
Rural goods	13,190	14,752	1,562	12
	Meat and meat preparations	3,540	4,067	527	15
	Cereal grains and cereal preparations	3,399	3,516	117	3
	Wool and sheepskins	888	1,096	208	23
	Other rural(a)	5,363	6,073	710	13

Non-rural goods

Non-rural goods, current price (seasonally adjusted)
		Jun 21 ($m)	Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 (%)
Non-rural goods	93,314	102,001	8,687	9
	Metal ores and minerals	54,382	50,215	-4,167	-8
	Coal, coke and briquettes	10,765	17,104	6,339	59
	Other mineral fuels	11,872	17,467	5,595	47
	Metals (excl. non-monetary gold)	3,277	3,502	225	7
	Machinery	2,786	2,843	57	2
	Transport equipment	1,015	1,008	-7	-1
	Other manufactures	5,364	5,675	311	6
	Other non-rural (incl. sugar and beverages)(a)	3,279	3,583	304	9
	Goods procured in ports by carriers	574	604	30	5

Selected major commodities, current prices (a)
	Metal ores and minerals ($m)	Coal, coke and briquettes ($m)	Other mineral fuels ($m)
Sep-13	23,578	10,211	7,003
Dec-13	25,177	10,453	6,345
Mar-14	25,472	10,343	8,020
Jun-14	22,362	9,176	8,054
Sep-14	20,639	9,138	7,448
Dec-14	20,291	9,640	7,213
Mar-15	19,126	10,152	6,549
Jun-15	17,890	9,143	5,265
Sep-15	18,693	9,489	5,893
Dec-15	16,540	8,447	5,990
Mar-16	15,883	7,910	5,635
Jun-16	17,648	8,597	5,141
Sep-16	18,532	9,431	5,877
Dec-16	22,045	16,129	7,012
Mar-17	24,453	15,099	7,341
Jun-17	20,384	13,456	8,698
Sep-17	21,697	14,298	8,168
Dec-17	22,004	14,370	8,320
Mar-18	23,130	15,778	10,779
Jun-18	22,969	15,925	12,222
Sep-18	23,532	17,318	14,375
Dec-18	25,723	17,963	16,257
Mar-19	27,447	17,035	15,026
Jun-19	32,822	17,234	14,732
Sep-19	34,582	16,034	15,840
Dec-19	31,972	13,706	15,035
Mar-20	31,125	13,371	14,915
Jun-20	34,417	11,464	12,564
Sep-20	36,596	9,206	8,209
Dec-20	42,100	9,242	9,204
Mar-21	48,793	9,933	10,475
Jun-21	54,382	10,765	11,872
Sep-21	50,215	17,104	17,467

Imports of goods (debits)

In seasonally adjusted terms at current prices, goods debits rose $1,245m (1%) to $85,417m, with volumes down 3% and prices up 5%.

Goods debits, price and volume change - seasonally adjusted - September quarter 2021
		Current prices ($m)	Current prices (%)	Chain volume measures (a)(%)	Implicit price deflators (a)(b)(%)
Total Goods Imports		1,245	1.5	-3.5	5.0
	Consumption goods	-1,657	-5.7	-9.5	4.2
	Capital goods	1,359	6.7	4.4	2.3
	Intermediate and other merchandise goods	2,090	6.4	-1.5	8.0
	Non-monetary gold	-547	-27.7	-30.0	3.4

(a) Reference year 2019-20 = 100
(b) Movements in indexes are based on data to four decimal places

Consumption goods

Consumption goods(a), seasonally adjusted
	Jun 21 ($m)	Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 (%)
Consumption goods	-29,211	-27,554	-1,657	-6
	Food and beverages, mainly for consumption	-4,138	-4,112	-26	-1
	Household electrical items	-1,800	-1,643	-157	-9
	Non-industrial transport equipment	-7,381	-6,211	-1,170	-16
	Textiles, clothing and footwear	-5,070	-4,906	-164	-3
	Toys, books and leisure goods	-1,847	-1,867	20	1
	Consumption goods n.e.s.	-8,975	-8,815	-160	-2

Capital goods

Capital goods(a), seasonally adjusted
	Jun 21 ($m)	Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 (%)
Capital goods	-20,236	-21,595	1,359	7
	Machinery and industrial equipment	-7,172	-7,037	-135	-2
	ADP equipment	-2,860	-3,575	715	25
	Telecommunications equipment	-3,135	-3,247	112	4
	Civil aircraft and confidentialised items(b)(c)	-807	-1,242	435	54
	Industrial transport equipment n.e.s.	-3,686	-3,804	118	3
	Capital goods n.e.s.(d)	-2,576	-2,691	115	4

Intermediate and other merchandise goods

Intermediate and other merchandise goods(a), seasonally adjusted
	Jun 21 ($m)	Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 ($m)	Jun 21 to Sep 21 (%)
Intermediate and other merchandise goods	-32,751	-34,841	2,090	6
	Food and beverages, mainly for industry	-493	-514	21	4
	Primary industrial supplies n.e.s.(b)	-656	-606	-50	-8
	Fuels and lubricants(c)	-8,084	-8,870	786	10
	Parts for transport equipment	-3,518	-3,643	125	4
	Parts for ADP equipment	-230	-230	-	-
	Other parts for capital goods	-4,781	-4,905	124	3
	Organic and inorganic chemicals	-973	-997	24	2
	Paper and paperboard	-568	-587	19	3
	Textile yarn and fabrics	-424	-426	2	-
	Iron and steel	-826	-1,014	188	23
	Plastics	-1,260	-1,232	-28	-2
	Processed industrial supplies n.e.s.	-10,659	-11,435	776	7
	Other merchandise goods(c)(d)	-255	-359	104	41
	Goods procured in ports by carriers	-25	-24	-1	-4

Services

Services exports, price and volume change - seasonally adjusted - September quarter 2021
		Current prices ($m)	Current prices (%)	Chain volume measures (a)(%)	Implicit price deflators (a)(b)(%)
Exports of services		-809	-5	-8	3
	Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others	3	50	-	-
	Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.	-2	-29	-29	3
	Transport	-26	-3	-6	4
	Travel	-1,054	-16	-20	5
	Other services	269	3	1	2

- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Reference year 2019-20 = 100
(b) Movements in indexes are based on data to four decimal places

Services imports, price and volume change - seasonally adjusted - September quarter 2021
		Current prices ($m)	Current prices (%)	Chain volume measures (a)(%)	Implicit price deflators (a)(b)(%)
Imports of services		306	2	-8	12
	Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others	-	-	-	-
	Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.	8	6	1	5
	Transport	425	10	-16	31
	Travel	-3	-1	-5	4
	Other services	-124	-1	-6	5

- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Reference year 2019-20 = 100
(b) Movements in indexes are based on data to four decimal places

Income

The primary income deficit widened by $7,725m to $14,327m in the September quarter 2021.

Net primary income
	Trend (a) ($b)	Net primary income (b) ($b)	Primary income credits (b) ($b)	Primary income debits (b) ($b)
Sep-13	-10.576	-10.643	11.753	-22.396
Dec-13	-10.953	-10.776	12.314	-23.090
Mar-14	-10.504	-11.139	12.593	-23.732
Jun-14	-9.481	-9.125	12.468	-21.592
Sep-14	-8.347	-8.293	13.761	-22.054
Dec-14	-7.743	-7.821	13.225	-21.046
Mar-15	-8.147	-7.795	13.303	-21.098
Jun-15	-9.203	-9.029	13.105	-22.135
Sep-15	-9.858	-10.580	12.716	-23.296
Dec-15	-9.787	-10.058	13.512	-23.571
Mar-16	-9.240	-8.218	12.904	-21.122
Jun-16	-9.302	-10.132	13.252	-23.384
Sep-16	-10.322	-9.400	13.163	-22.563
Dec-16	-11.671	-12.329	13.959	-26.288
Mar-17	-12.737	-12.695	13.834	-26.529
Jun-17	-13.502	-13.457	14.024	-27.482
Sep-17	-13.753	-13.748	13.835	-27.583
Dec-17	-14.073	-14.278	14.439	-28.717
Mar-18	-14.627	-14.087	15.122	-29.210
Jun-18	-15.333	-15.553	16.191	-31.744
Sep-18	-15.901	-16.203	17.089	-33.292
Dec-18	-15.989	-15.600	17.380	-32.980
Mar-19	-15.482	-15.799	18.539	-34.338
Jun-19	na	-14.485	17.821	-32.305
Sep-19	na	-13.348	17.572	-30.919
Dec-19	na	-11.835	17.985	-29.821
Mar-20	na	-10.064	17.918	-27.983
Jun-20	na	-4.461	15.303	-19.764
Sep-20	na	-3.040	16.451	-19.491
Dec-20	na	-1.881	15.311	-17.192
Mar-21	na	-6.002	17.161	-23.163
Jun-21	na	-6.602	17.194	-23.796
Sep-21	na	-14.327	19.389	-33.716

Net primary income

["","Trend (a)","Net primary income (b)","Primary income credits (b)","Primary income debits (b)"]

[["Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21"],[[-10.576000000000001],[-10.952999999999999],[-10.504],[-9.4809999999999999],[-8.3469999999999995],[-7.7430000000000003],[-8.1470000000000002],[-9.2029999999999994],[-9.8580000000000005],[-9.7870000000000008],[-9.2400000000000002],[-9.3019999999999996],[-10.321999999999999],[-11.670999999999999],[-12.737],[-13.502000000000001],[-13.753],[-14.073],[-14.627000000000001],[-15.333],[-15.901],[-15.989000000000001],[-15.481999999999999],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null]],[[-10.643000000000001],[-10.776],[-11.138999999999999],[-9.125],[-8.2929999999999993],[-7.8209999999999997],[-7.7949999999999999],[-9.0289999999999999],[-10.58],[-10.058],[-8.218],[-10.132],[-9.4000000000000004],[-12.329000000000001],[-12.695],[-13.457000000000001],[-13.747999999999999],[-14.278],[-14.087],[-15.553000000000001],[-16.202999999999999],[-15.6],[-15.798999999999999],[-14.484999999999999],[-13.348000000000001],[-11.835000000000001],[-10.064],[-4.4610000000000003],[-3.04],[-1.881],[-6.0019999999999998],[-6.6020000000000003],[-14.327]],[[11.753],[12.314],[12.593],[12.468],[13.760999999999999],[13.225],[13.303000000000001],[13.105],[12.715999999999999],[13.512],[12.904],[13.252000000000001],[13.163],[13.959],[13.834],[14.023999999999999],[13.835000000000001],[14.439],[15.122],[16.190999999999999],[17.088999999999999],[17.379999999999999],[18.539000000000001],[17.821000000000002],[17.571999999999999],[17.984999999999999],[17.917999999999999],[15.303000000000001],[16.451000000000001],[15.311],[17.161000000000001],[17.193999999999999],[19.388999999999999]],[[-22.396000000000001],[-23.09],[-23.731999999999999],[-21.591999999999999],[-22.053999999999998],[-21.045999999999999],[-21.097999999999999],[-22.135000000000002],[-23.295999999999999],[-23.571000000000002],[-21.122],[-23.384],[-22.562999999999999],[-26.288],[-26.529],[-27.481999999999999],[-27.582999999999998],[-28.716999999999999],[-29.210000000000001],[-31.744],[-33.292000000000002],[-32.979999999999997],[-34.338000000000001],[-32.305],[-30.919],[-29.821000000000002],[-27.983000000000001],[-19.763999999999999],[-19.491],[-17.192],[-23.163],[-23.795999999999999],[-33.716000000000001]]]

[]

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(a) Trend series is not published from June Quarter 2019

(b) Seasonally adjusted

Primary income credits

In seasonally adjusted terms at current prices, income to residents (credits) rose $2,195m (12.8%) to $19,389m. The main components contributing to this rise were:

direct investment assets - income on equity and investment fund shares; up $1,562m (22.7%)

portfolio investment assets - investment income on equity and investment fund shares; up $710m (9.1%)

Primary income debits

In seasonally adjusted terms at current prices income to non-residents (debits) rose $9,920m (41.7%) to $33,716m. The main components contributing to this rise were:

direct investment liabilities - income on equity and investment fund shares; up $5,011m (39.1%)

portfolio investment liabilities - investment income on equity and investment fund shares; up $5,356m (130.2%)

Secondary income

In seasonally adjusted terms at current prices, the net secondary income deficit fell $641m to $697m in the September quarter 2021.

Capital and Financial Account

The capital and financial account recorded a deficit of $21.8b during the September 2021 quarter, mainly driven by the financial account deficit of $21.7b.

The financial account deficit was due to a net outflow of equity of $14.8b and a net outflow of debt of $6.9b.

Capital and financial account
			Dec-20	Mar-21	Jun-21	Sep-21	Qtr on Qtr
			($m)	($m)	($m)	($m)	($m)
Capital account			-156	-182	-245	-165	80
	Acquisitions/disposals of non-produced non-financial assets		24	6	-27	0	27
		Acquisitions/disposals of non-produced non-financial assets credits	30	6	18	0	-18
		Acquisitions/disposals of non-produced non-financial assets debits	-6	0	-45	0	45
	Capital transfers		-180	-188	-218	-165	53
		Capital transfers credits	0	0	0	0	0
		Capital transfers debits	-180	-188	-218	-165	53
Financial account			-12,216	-15,657	-24,200	-21,670	2,530
	Direct investment		1,366	8,577	5,005	-6,733	-11,738
		Direct investment assets	-2,497	5,196	3,058	-15,020	-18,078
		Direct investment liabilities	3,863	3,381	1,948	8,287	6,339
	Portfolio investment		-12,461	-32,490	-32,043	1,072	33,115
		Portfolio investment assets	-74,417	-12,056	-49,102	-36,504	12,598
		Portfolio investment liabilities	61,956	-20,435	17,059	37,577	20,518
	Financial derivatives		-10,704	1,512	2,472	326	-2,146
		Financial derivatives assets	26,161	64,702	51,711	45,897	-5,814
		Financial derivatives liabilities	-36,865	-63,190	-49,238	-45,571	3,667
	Other investment		8,803	12,209	-388	1043	1,431
		Other investment assets	25,184	-3,262	-6,867	-25,014	-18,147
		Other investment liabilities	-16,381	15,471	6,480	26,057	19,577
	Reserve assets		781	-5465	754	-17378	-18,132
	Net errors and omissions		-2,381	-2,945	-3,657	453	4,110

International Investment Position

Australia's net IIP liability position was $860.1b at 30 September 2021, a decrease of $38.3b on the revised 30 June 2021 figure of $898.5b. Australia's net foreign debt liability position decreased $3.8b to $1,191.1b. Australia's net foreign equity asset position increased $34.5b to $330.9b at 30 September 2021.

International investment position, by net foreign equity and net foreign debt
		Position at beginning of period	Transactions	Price changes	Exchange rate changes	Other adjustments	Position at end of period
		($m)	($m)	($m)	($m)	($m)	($m)
Net International Investment Position	Mar-21	994,105	-15,657	-50,268	1,744	255	930,179
Net International Investment Position	Jun-21	930,179	-24,200	7,609	-15,057	-48	898,483
Net International Investment Position	Sep-21	898,483	-21,670	3,341	-20,918	913	860,149

Net Foreign Equity	Mar-21	-199,773	-21,585	-20,735	-3,957	1,011	-245,039
Net Foreign Equity	Jun-21	-245,039	-28,820	-1,271	-21,431	131	-296,430
Net Foreign Equity	Sep-21	-296,430	-14,805	14,472	-34,239	83	-330,919

Net Foreign Debt	Mar-21	1,193,878	5,929	-29,534	5,701	-755	1,175,218
Net Foreign Debt	Jun-21	1,175,218	4,620	8,880	6,374	-179	1,194,913
Net Foreign Debt	Sep-21	1,194,913	-6,865	-11,131	13,321	830	1,191,067

Supplementary Information

Value adjustments

Goods credits data presented in this publication are based on information provided by exporters to the Department of Home Affairs (Home Affairs). At the time of initial reporting to Home Affairs, the final prices at which transactions take place are not known for some commodities. Final quantity and/or unit price information is updated progressively in international merchandise trade data as exporters revise the information provided to Home Affairs.

For commodities such as iron ore and coal, newly negotiated contract prices are not fully reflected in data first reported to Home Affairs. When additional information on quantity and/or unit price for these commodities is available, the ABS may adjust the data to reflect actual transaction values.

Iron ore adjustments are applied on an international merchandise trade basis at the Australian Harmonized Export Commodity Classification (AHECC) level. Coal, coke and briquettes are adjusted on a balance of payments basis in original current price terms. When actual final transaction prices become available estimates are replaced with these data.

In most instances, transfer of ownership occurs when goods cross the customs frontier. In certain circumstances the ownership of large value capital expenditure items can occur prior to the items crossing the customs frontier. The ABS may adjust the relevant balance of payments series to record the timing when transfer of ownership was affected.

Exports on an international merchandise trade basis

Iron ore (in original terms)

Adjustments have been applied to iron ore lump in the March quarter 2021 (+$25m), June quarter 2021 (+$60m) and September quarter 2021 (-$165m)
Adjustments have been applied to iron ore fines in the March quarter 2021 (+$15m), June quarter (+$50m) and September quarter 2021 (-$490m)
When actual final transaction prices become available estimates are replaced with these data.

Goods credits on a balance of payments basis

Coal (in original terms)

Adjustments have been applied to coal, coke and briquettes in the balance of payments series for the June quarter (-$5m) and the September quarter (+$485m) 2021. All previous adjustments have been removed.

Capital expenditure (in original terms)

The balance of payments goods debits component capital goods n.e.s. includes an estimate of expenditure on capital goods that have changed ownership but have not yet crossed the customs frontier.

Revisions

The following goods component has been revised since the release of the September 2021 issue of International Trade in Goods and Services, Australia.

Capital goods n.e.s. of good debits, revised in the September quarter 2021
Industrial transport equipment of good debits, revised in the September quarter 2021
Metal ores and minerals of good credits, revised in the June quarter 2021 and September quarter 2021.

Summary of revisions since the last issue of this publication

Table 28 summarises revisions, in original current price terms, since the last issue of this publication.

Incorporation of the latest survey and administrative data has resulted in revisions to the balance of payments series back to the September quarter 2001. In original current price terms, these revisions have:

increased the current account surplus for the September quarter 2017 by $200m
increased the current account surplus for the December quarter 2017 by $431m
decreased the current account surplus for the March quarter 2018 by $12m
decreased the current account surplus for the June quarter 2018 by $779m
decreased the current account surplus for the September quarter 2018 by $383m
increased the current account surplus for the December quarter 2018 by $32m
increased the current account surplus for the March quarter 2019 by $331m
decreased the current account surplus for the June quarter 2019 by $129m
increased the current account surplus for the September quarter 2019 by $255m
increased the current account surplus for the December quarter 2019 by $709m
decreased the current account surplus for the March quarter 2020 by $4m
decreased the current account surplus for the June quarter 2020 by $231m
decreased the current account surplus for the September quarter 2020 by $386m
decreased the current account surplus for the December quarter 2020 by $328m
increased the current account surplus for the March quarter 2021 by $686m
increased the current account surplus for the June quarter 2021 by $1,755m

The International Investment Position (IIP) has been revised back to the December quarter 2013. These revisions have increased Australia's net IIP liability $13,360m to a net liability position of $898.483m at 30 June 2021. The financial account deficit has been revised down $31m to $24,200m at 30 June 2021.

Seasonally adjusted and trend series have been revised due to the incorporation of revised estimates and the incorporation of estimates for the latest quarter.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the revisions increased the volume surplus on goods and services by $2,471m for the June quarter 2021.

Data in this issue aligns with the data in the September quarter 2021 issue of Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product (cat. no. 5206.0) to be released on 1 December 2021.

Economic conditions

Country	MSCI quarterly percentage change (a)(%)	AUD exchange rate quarterly percentage change (b)(%)
Australia	-0.84	na
United States of America	0.07	-4.15
United Kingdom	0.65	-1.25
Europe	-1.94	-1.66
China	-18.50	-3.99
Japan	4.36	-2.97
Singapore	-0.37	-2.92
India	12.14	-4.26
New Zealand	2.36	-2.41

Data downloads

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Time series spreadsheets

Data files

Table 1. Balance of payments, summary: original - quarter
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Table 2. International investment position: by net foreign equity and net foreign debt - quarter
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Table 3. Foreign assets and liabilities: by equity and debt - quarter
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Table 4. Current account transactions: seasonally adjusted and trend estimates - quarter
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Table 5. Goods and services: chain volume measures and indexes - quarter
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Table 6. Goods credits
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Table 7. Goods debits
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Table 8. Services credits
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Table 9. Services debits
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Table 10. Income credits - quarter
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Table 11. Income debits - quarter
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Table 12. Capital account: original - quarter
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Table 13. Financial account - quarter
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Table 14. International investment: foreign assets - quarter
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Table 15. International investment: foreign liabilities - quarter
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Table 16. Foreign debt levels - quarter
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Table 17. Gross external debt liabilities: levels - quarter
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Table 18. Currency and residual maturity of foreign debt - quarter
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Table 19. Exchange rates - quarter
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Table 20. Foreign assets and liabilities by industry - quarter
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Table 21. Goods and services credit by state on a balance of payments basis - quarter
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Table 22. Goods and services debits by state on a balance of payments basis - quarter
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Table 23. Selected international accounts ratios: seasonally adjusted - quarter
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Table 24. Quarterly combined current price seasonal adjustment factors
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Table 25. Exports by SITC division on a balance of payments basis - quarter
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Table 26. Imports by broad economic category on a balance of payments basis - quarter
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Table 27. International investment: directional principle - quarter
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Table 28. Summary of revisions - quarter
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Table 29. International investment position: historical summary - quarter
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Table 30. Balance of payments, summary: original - financial year
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Table 31. Selected services, chain volume measures and implicit price deflators: original - quarter
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Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 5302.0.

Post release changes

01/12/2021 Note: Updates to selected international accounts ratios table 23

Ratios of current account and international investment measures to quarterly GDP and GNI are normally presented in Table 23.

As advised in the 'Changes in this issue' section of this publication, published on 30 November 2021, table 23 in the 'Data downloads' was updated on 1 December 2021 and released in conjunction with the release of the September quarter 2021 issue of Australian National Accounts: National Income and Expenditure.

Methodology

Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia methodology, September 2021

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APA

Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia

APA

Key statistics

Main features

COVID-19 in this publication

Suspension of trend estimates

Seasonal adjustment and COVID-19

Changes in this issue

New base year and re-referencing of chain volume estimates and implicit price deflators

Changes to seasonal adjustment method of current price values of: coal, coke and briquettes, metal ores and minerals, and other mineral fuels

Selected international account ratios - Table 23

Changes to reporting of derivatives data in September quarter 2021 Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia

Australian System of National Accounts historical revisions

Changes in forthcoming issues

Annual seasonal re-analysis

Current Account

Terms of trade

Relationship between IPD, EPI and IPI

Balance on goods and services

Exports of goods (credits)

Rural goods

Non-rural goods

Imports of goods (debits)

Consumption goods

Capital goods

Intermediate and other merchandise goods

Services

Income

Primary income credits

Primary income debits

Secondary income

Capital and Financial Account

International Investment Position

Supplementary Information

Value adjustments

Exports on an international merchandise trade basis

Goods credits on a balance of payments basis

Revisions

Summary of revisions since the last issue of this publication

Economic conditions

Data downloads

Time series spreadsheets

Table 1. Balance of payments, summary: original - quarter

Table 2. International investment position: by net foreign equity and net foreign debt - quarter

Table 3. Foreign assets and liabilities: by equity and debt - quarter

Table 4. Current account transactions: seasonally adjusted and trend estimates - quarter

Table 5. Goods and services: chain volume measures and indexes - quarter

Table 6. Goods credits

Table 7. Goods debits

Table 8. Services credits

Table 9. Services debits

Table 10. Income credits - quarter

Table 11. Income debits - quarter

Table 12. Capital account: original - quarter

Table 13. Financial account - quarter

Table 14. International investment: foreign assets - quarter

Table 15. International investment: foreign liabilities - quarter

Table 16. Foreign debt levels - quarter

Table 17. Gross external debt liabilities: levels - quarter

Table 18. Currency and residual maturity of foreign debt - quarter

Table 19. Exchange rates - quarter

Table 20. Foreign assets and liabilities by industry - quarter

Table 21. Goods and services credit by state on a balance of payments basis - quarter

Table 22. Goods and services debits by state on a balance of payments basis - quarter

Table 23. Selected international accounts ratios: seasonally adjusted - quarter

Table 24. Quarterly combined current price seasonal adjustment factors

Table 25. Exports by SITC division on a balance of payments basis - quarter

Table 26. Imports by broad economic category on a balance of payments basis - quarter

Table 27. International investment: directional principle - quarter

Table 28. Summary of revisions - quarter

Table 29. International investment position: historical summary - quarter

Table 30. Balance of payments, summary: original - financial year

Table 31. Selected services, chain volume measures and implicit price deflators: original - quarter

Previous catalogue number

Post release changes

01/12/2021 Note: Updates to selected international accounts ratios table 23

Methodology

Media releases

Another record current account surplus for Australia