Overseas Arrivals and Departures, Australia

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Statistics on international travel, including tourism trips, arriving in and departing from Australia. Focusing on short-term trips (less than 1 year)

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May 2020
Released
13/07/2020
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Key statistics

  • Overseas visitor arrivals increased 53.1% since the previous month.
  • Australian resident returns decreased 21.5% since the previous month.
  • Overseas visitor arrivals decreased 99.5% since the same month the previous year.
  • Australian resident returns decreased 98.5% since the same month the previous year.

Overseas arrivals and departures statistics are international travel movements of persons arriving in, and departing from Australia with a focus on short term trips (less than 1 year). It is the number of international border crossings rather than the number of people.

For all Short-term Visitor Arrivals (STVA) and Short-term Resident Returns (STRR) series, the trend estimates have been suspended from February 2020 and the seasonally adjusted estimates have been suspended from April 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international travel. For more information, see the end of the Data Quality Issues Appendix on the Methodology page.

May 2020 original estimates for short-term trips:

  • Overseas visitor arrivals to Australia increased 53.1% since the previous month to 3,400 trips
  • Australian resident returns from overseas decreased 21.5% since the previous month to 13,400 trips.
     

1.3 Monthly change

 Apr '20May '20Apr '20 to May '20
% change
Visitor arrivals — short-term trips   
 Trendnanana
 Seasonally adjustednanana
 Original2 2003 40053.1
Resident returns — short-term trips   
 Trendnanana
 Seasonally adjustednanana
 Original17 00013 400-21.5

na not available - see the end of the Data Quality Issues Appendix.
 

Visitor arrivals monthly

Statistics on international travel movements of persons arriving in Australia for short term trips (less than 1 year). It is the number of international border crossings rather than the number of people.

For all Short-term Visitor Arrivals (STVA) series, the trend estimates have been suspended from February 2020 and the seasonally adjusted estimates have been suspended from April 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international travel. For more information, see the end of the Data Quality Issues Appendix on the Methodology page.

Key statistics

Visitors arriving in Australia for a short-term trip in May 2020 (original estimates):

  • Decreased 99.5% compared to the corresponding month of the previous year
  • Reported a total of 3,440 trips
  • With New Zealand as the largest source country, accounting for 35% of all visitor arrivals.
     

Source countries (original estimates)

The three leading source countries for visitor arrivals to Australia in May 2020 were:

  • New Zealand (1,190 trips)
  • UK (340)
  • USA (320).
     

a. Includes the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
b. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.
 

There were decreases of over 97% recorded for each of the top ten source countries when compared to the corresponding month of the previous year.

2.3 Short-term visitor arrivals - top 10 source countries - change - corresponding month previous year (original estimates)

Country of ResidenceOriginalMay '19 to May '20
% change - original
New Zealand1 190-99.0
UK(a)340-98.9
USA320-99.4
India110-99.7
Singapore100-99.8
China(b)100-99.9
Hong Kong80-99.6
Philippines70-99.6
Japan70-99.8
United Arab Emirates60-97.8

a. Includes the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
b. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.

 

State or territory of stay (original estimates)

All travellers are asked their intended address in Australia upon arrival. State or territory of stay statistics are only available from original estimates as seasonally adjusted and trend estimates are only applied to source countries.

For those who visited Australia in May 2020, compared to the corresponding month of the previous year, there were decreases of over 99% across all states and territories.

2.4 Short-term visitor arrivals, state or territory of stay - May 2020 - change - corresponding month previous year (original estimates)

2.4 Visitor arrivals, atate or territory of stay - annual change to May 2020 (original estimates)
Map shows negative growth in visitor arrivals by state or territory in May 2020 compared to the same month of the previous year. Tasmania saw a decrease of -99.5%, Queensland saw a decrease of -99.6%, Western Australia saw a decrease of -99.4%, South Australia saw a decrease of -99.4%, the Australian Capital Territory saw a decrease of -99.0%, Victoria saw a decrease of -99.6%. New South Wales saw a decrease of -99.4% and the Northern Territory saw a decrease of -99.0%

2.5 Short-term visitor arrivals, state or territory of stay(a) - change - corresponding month previous year (original estimates)

State or territory of stayMay '19May '20May '19 to May '20
% change - original
NSW251 9901 420-99.4
Vic.176 510770-99.6
Qld144 290640-99.6
SA17 540100-99.4
WA61 100370-99.4
Tas.4 64030-99.5
NT6 06060-99.0
ACT6 14060-99.0
Australia(b)668 2803 440-99.5

a. Only available from original estimates.
b. Includes Other Territories.
 

Resident returns monthly

Statistics on international travel movements of residents arriving back in Australia after short term trips (less than 1 year) overseas. It is the number of international border crossings rather than the number of people.

For all Short-term Resident Returns (STRR) series, the trend estimates have been suspended from February 2020 and the seasonally adjusted estimates have been suspended from April 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international travel. For more information, see the end of the Data Quality Issues Appendix on the Methodology page.

Key statistics

In May 2020, Australian residents returning from a short-term trip overseas (original estimates):

  • Decreased 98.5% compared to the corresponding month of the previous year
  • Reported a total of 13,380 trips
  • With India as the most popular destination country, accounting for 20% of all those returning.
     

Destination countries (original estimates)

The three leading destination countries for Australian residents in May 2020 were:

  • India (2,680 trips)
  • New Zealand (1,380)
  • USA (1,080).
     

a. Includes the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
b. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.
 

Among the top ten destination countries, there were no increases recorded when compared to the corresponding month of the previous year.

The highest decreases were for:

  • Thailand (-99.3%)
  • USA (-98.9%)
  • Singapore (-98.8%)
     

3.3 Short-term resident returns - top 10 destination countries - change - corresponding month previous year (original estimates)

Country of stayOriginalMay '19 to May '20
% change - original
India2 680-90.6
New Zealand1 380-98.5
USA1 080-98.9
UK(a)1 050-97.8
China(b)820-98.6
Pakistan660-76.2
Philippines330-98.6
Singapore320-98.8
Thailand310-99.3
Nepal250-92.9

a. Includes the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
b. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.

 

State or territory of residence (original estimates)

All travellers are asked their intended address in Australia upon arrival. State or territory of residence statistics are only available from original estimates as seasonally adjusted and trend estimates are only applied to destination countries.

For those residents who returned to Australia in May 2020, compared to the corresponding month of the previous year, there were decreases of over 98% across all states and territories.

3.4 Resident returns, state or territory of stay - May 2020 - change - corresponding month previous year (original estimates)

3.4 Resident returns, state or territory of residence - annual change to May 2020 (original estimates)
Map shows negative growth in Australian residents who returned to their home state or territory in May 2020, compared to the same month of the previous year. Western Australia saw a decrease of -98.8%, the Australian Capital Territory saw a decrease of -98.5%, Tasmania saw a decrease of -99.1%, Queensland saw a decrease of -98.5%, Victoria saw a decrease of -98.4%, New South Wales saw a decrease of -98.3%, South Australia saw a decrease of -98.7% and the Northern Territory saw a decrease of -98.5%.

3.5 Short-term resident returns, state or territory of residence(a) - change - corresponding month previous year (original estimates)

State or territory of residenceMay '19May '20May '19 to May '20
% change - original
NSW297 1304 990-98.3
Vic.228 8103 630-98.4
Qld159 7902 470-98.5
SA42 570550-98.7
WA104 3201 290-98.8
Tas.10 440100-99.1
NT6 970110-98.5
ACT16 170250-98.5
Australia(b)866 28013 380-98.5

a. Only available from original estimates.
b. Includes Other Territories.
 

Visitor arrivals by state or territory

New South Wales

Victoria

Queensland

South Australia

Western Australia

Tasmania

Northern Territory

Australian Capital Territory

International student arrivals - Australia - May 2020

This feature article provides detail of overseas traveller movements at the national level for international student arrivals. The additional information is provided in the context of the outbreak of COVID-19 which started in China in December 2019.

Visitor arrivals statistics are international travel movements of persons arriving in Australia. It is the number of trips rather than the number of people. All data in this article has used original estimates as trend and seasonally adjusted estimates are not available for all variables being analysed.

Key statistics

Of all arrivals to Australia travelling on an international student visa in May 2020, there was a:

  • Decrease of 34,220 students (close to 100%) compared to the corresponding month of the previous year.
     

International students

The outbreak of COVID-19 which started in China in December 2019, has continued to disrupt the movement of international students this month, due to the introduction of travel restrictions from February 2020. In 2019, China was the largest source country nationally. Educational exports are an important contributor to the Australian economy.

Of all arrivals to Australia travelling on an international student visa in May 2020, there were just over 40, which was a decrease of 34,220 students, compared to the corresponding month of the previous year. This was close to a 100% decrease, as clearly seen in graph 12.1 below.

a. Includes short-term (less than 1 year) and long-term (1 year or more) visitor arrivals.
b. Anyone travelling on an international student visa whether it be for a short-term or long-term movement. This is not the same as when a traveller self reports 'education' as their main reason for journey, as shown in Table 6 for short-term visitor arrivals in the Data downloads section.
c. English Language Intensive Courses for Overseas Students.

Visitor arrivals annually - 2019

Statistics on travel movements of persons arriving in Australia for short term trips (i.e. less than 1 year). It is the number of international border crossings rather than the number of people.

Key statistics

Visitors arriving in Australia in 2019 (original estimates).

  • There were 9.5 million visitor arrivals, the highest year on record
  • China was the largest source country with over 1.4 million visitors nationally, largest source for NSW, Vic, SA, Tas. and the ACT
  • There were more visits by women than men. The opposite was true in 2009
  • The main reason for travel was holiday (47%)
  • Nationally, the median duration of stay in Australia was 10 days.
     

Short-term visitor arrivals

    The record annual 9.5 million visitors in 2019 was 3.9 million more than 10 years earlier and 220,300 more than 1 year ago. There has generally been an ongoing increase of visitor arrivals to Australia over recent decades.

    • Peaks were seen during Brisbane Expo in 1988 and the Sydney Olympics in 2000
    • Decreases were experienced during the Asian financial crisis from 1998, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 and the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2008.
    • Australia experienced strong increases during 2015 and 2016.
       

    Source countries

    Residents from nearly every country around the world visited Australia in 2019. China (1.44 million) remained the largest source country for visitor arrivals with New Zealand (1.43 million) in second place. This reflects strong growth in the number of Chinese visitors over the decade, with a 297% increase since 2009. However, this growth has slowed more recently (0.46% from 2018 to 2019) and is likely to decrease in early 2020 due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.

    a. Top 5 source countries based on year ending December 2019.
    b. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.
    c. Includes United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
     

    Among the top 10 source countries, there was also strong growth from other Asian countries over the last decade.

    13.3 Short-term visitor arrivals, Australia - top 10 source countries(a) - 2019 - year ending

    Country of Residence'0002018 to 2019
    % change    		2009 to 2019
    % change
    China(b)14390.5296.7
    New Zealand14343.530.4
    USA8183.768.9
    UK(c)716-2.44.6
    Japan4996.240.9
    Singapore4796.894.1
    India39911.6234.4
    Malaysia385-4.088.5
    Hong Kong3152.1118.6
    Korea, South280-2.651.0

    a. Top 10 source countries based on year ending December 2019.
    b. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.
    c. Includes United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.

     

    State or territory of stay

    All travellers are asked their intended address in Australia upon arrival. The proportion of short-term visitor arrivals by intended state or territory in 2019, were as follows:

    • NSW (37% of all short-term visitors)
    • Vic. (27%)
    • Qld (21%)
    • SA (3%)
    • WA (9%)
    • Tas. (1.0%)
    • NT (0.8%)
    • ACT (1.2%).
       

    In 2009 this pattern was slightly different, with more visitors intending to stay in Qld than in Vic. All states and territories recorded growth in international visitors in the ten year period.


    At the state and territory level, the mix of source countries varies from that at the national level.

    During 2019:

    • China was the leading source country for NSW, Vic., SA, Tas. and the ACT
    • New Zealand provided the most visitors for Qld
    • Singapore for WA
    • The USA for the NT.
       

    Ten years earlier in 2009, New Zealand was the leading source country for NSW, Vic., Qld, and Tas. However, the UK was the leading source country for SA and WA, and the USA for the NT and ACT.

    Age and sex

    There were more visits to Australia by women than men in 2019 (4.9 million women compared with 4.5 million men). The opposite was true in 2009 (2.9 million men and 2.7 million women).

    In 2019, men and women visiting Australia had the same median age (40 years). The largest group of visitor arrivals were aged between 25 and 29 years. There were also large numbers of women arriving aged 56 with the largest source country being from China at this age.

    Main reason for journey

    In 2019, the most frequently stated main reason for journey by short-term visitors to Australia was:

    • holiday (47%)
    • visiting friends and relatives (30%)
    • business (7.1%)
    • education (6.6%).
       

    Female visitors were more likely than males to record their main reason for journey as holiday (50% of all females compared with 44% of all males), visiting friends and relatives (33% compared with 27%), and education (6.6% compared with 6.5%). Male visitors, on the other hand were more likely to travel to Australia for business (11% of all males compared with 3% of all females), to attend a convention/conference (4% compared with 3%), and for employment (3% compared with 2%).

    Duration of stay

    Visitors are asked their intended duration in Australia upon arrival.

    During 2019, the median duration of stay in Australia was 10 days. However, this varies between the states and territories and between the numerous source countries. It also varies depending on a traveller's main reason for journey.

    In 2019, the median duration of days for those visiting SA and ACT was 16 days, whereas for NSW and Qld it was 10 days. Those from India (with a median duration of stay of 40 days) stated their intention to stay longer than most others but this also varied between the states and territories. Those from Japan only visited for 6 days on average.

    13.6 Short-term visitor arrivals, Australia - top 10 source countries(a) by state/territory of stay - median duration of stay - 2019

     NSW
    days    		Vic.
    days    		Qld
    days    		SA
    days    		WA
    days    		Tas.
    days    		NT
    days    		ACT
    days    		Aust.(b)
    days
    India304930706156616140
    UK(c)162020212120191719
    China(d)121410301530129012
    USA101111131314161010
    Hong Kong910101199101210
    Malaysia898107108118
    Singapore7889710798
    Korea (South)61091310108117
    New Zealand55771081167
    Japan6761067676
    All countries101210161212151610

    a. Top 10 source countries are based at the Australia level.
    b. Includes Other Territories.
    c. Includes United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
    d. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.
     


    The duration of stay of short-term visitors to Australia varied by their reason for journey:

    • Those travelling for employment and education stayed the longest (122 days)
    • visiting friends and relatives (16 days)
    • holiday (9 days)
    • business travellers and those travelling for conventions/conferences stayed the shortest (6 days).
       

    Resident returns annually - 2019

    Statistics on travel movements of residents arriving back in Australia after short term trips (i.e. less than 1 year) overseas. It is the number of international border crossings rather than the number of people.

    Key statistics

    Australian residents returning to Australia in 2019 (original estimates).

    • There were 11.3 million resident returns to Australia from overseas, the highest year on record.
    • New Zealand continued to be the leading destination country for Australians travelling overseas, with nearly 1.5 million trips
    • Indonesia was the leading destination for those living in SA, WA and the NT
    • The main reason for travel was holiday (57%)
    • Nationally, the median duration away was 14 days.
       

    Short-term resident returns

      The record annual 11.3 million resident trips in 2019 was 5.1 million more than 10 years earlier and 247,500 more than 1 year ago. There has generally been an ongoing increase of Australian residents travelling overseas over recent decades. However, decreases were experienced due to various historical events such as the:

      • early 1990s recession in Australia
      • September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001
      • Bali bombings in 2002
      • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003
      • Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2008.
         

      Destination countries

      Australians travelled across the globe during 2019:

      • New Zealand (1.46 million trips) remained the leading destination country
      • Indonesia moved from fourth to second over the last decade (1.40 million - an increase of 156%)
      • The USA (1.06 million) was the third leading destination but had a lower level than its peak in 2018.
         

      a. Top 5 destination countries based on year ending December 2019.
      b. Includes United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
      c. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.


      Among the top 10 destination countries, the strongest growth over the last decade was for Australians visiting Asian countries.

      14.3 Short-term resident returns, Australia - top 10 destination countries(a) - 2019 - year ending

      Destination Country'0002018 to 2019
      % change      		2009 to 2019
      % change
      New Zealand1 4631.943.8
      Indonesia1 4019.4156.4
      USA1 056-3.683.2
      UK(b)6630.041.3
      China(c)6082.4134.9
      Thailand543-5.240.2
      Japan52213.3230.4
      India4268.6200.2
      Singapore4170.483.3
      Fiji3450.935.8

      a. Top 10 destination countries based on year ending December 2019.
      b. Includes United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
      c. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.

       

      ​​​​​​​State or territory of residence

      All travellers are asked their intended address in Australia upon arrival. The proportion of short-term resident returns by their state or territory of residence in 2019, were as follows:

      • NSW (34% of all short-term resident returns)
      • Vic. (28%)
      • Qld (18%)
      • SA (5%)
      • WA (12%)
      • Tas. (1.0%)
      • NT (0.9%)
      • ACT (2%).
         

      In 2009 this pattern was very similar with a slightly higher proportion of those travelling overseas from NSW (36%), WA (14%), Tas. (1.1%) and NT (1.0%).


      At the state and territory level, the mix of destination countries varied from that at the national level.

      During 2019:

      • New Zealand was the leading destination country for residents of NSW, Vic., Qld, Tas. and the ACT
      • Indonesia was the leading destination for those from SA, WA and the NT.
         

      Ten years earlier in 2009, New Zealand was the leading destination for residents of all state and territories except for WA and the NT (for which Indonesia was the leading destination).

       

      Age and sex

      There were more trips taken overseas by Australian men than women in 2019 (5.9 million men compared with 5.4 million women), similar to 2009 (3.3 million men and 2.9 million women).

      In 2019, Australian men and women travelling overseas had a similar median age (42 years and 41 years respectively). Among those aged 18 to 30, there were more trips undertaken by women than men.

      Main reason for journey

      In 2019, the most frequently stated main reason for journey by Australian residents returning home after a short-term trip was:

      • holiday (57%)
      • visiting friends and relatives (26%)
      • business (8%).
         

      Female residents were more likely than males to record their main reason as a holiday (61% of all females compared with 54% of all males), visiting friends and relatives (28% compared with 24%), and education (1.3% compared with 1.1%). Male residents were more likely to travel overseas for business (12% of all males compared with 4% of all females), to attend a convention/conference (3% compared with 2%), and for employment (2% compared with 1%).

      Duration of stay

      For Australian residents returning from overseas their exact duration away is measured.

      During 2019, the median duration away for Australians on a short-term trip was 14 days. However, this varies between the states and territories and between the numerous destination countries. It also varies greatly depending on a traveller's main reason for journey.

      In 2019, the median duration away overseas for Victorians, South Australians, Tasmanians and those from the ACT was 15 days, whereas for those from WA and the NT it was 12 days. Those travelling to the UK were usually away for an average of 24 days which was longer than all the other top 10 destinations. Those travelling to Fiji were away for 7 days on average.

      14.6 Short-term resident returns, Australia - top 10 destination countries(a) by state/territory of residence - median duration of stay - 2019

       NSW
      days      		Vic.
      days      		Qld
      days      		SA
      days      		WA
      days      		Tas.
      days      		NT
      days      		ACT
      days      		Aust.(b)
      days
      UK(c)242426262331252624
      India222523272219252323
      China(d)171815171516151717
      USA151616171919171616
      Japan141514151515151514
      Thailand111212121113121212
      Indonesia101099711899
      Singapore8889711688
      New Zealand7781012101188
      Fiji787788877
      All countries141514151215121514

      a. Top 10 destination countries are based at the Australia level.
      b. Includes Other Territories.
      c. Includes United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.
      d. Excludes SARs & Taiwan.
       


      The duration of stay of short-term trips by Australian residents going overseas varied by their reason for journey:

      • Those travelling for employment stayed away the longest (24 days)
      • visiting friends and relatives (20 days)
      • education (19 days)
      • holiday (13 days)
      • business travellers stayed the shortest (7 days).

      Notes

      Suspension of seasonally adjusted and trend estimates

      The seasonally adjusted estimates have been suspended from April 2020 for all Short-term Visitor Arrival (STVA) and Short-term Resident Return (STRR) series due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international travel.

      The trend estimates have been suspended from February 2020 for all STVA and STRR series.

      Both series will be reintroduced when patterns in the underlying behaviour of passenger travel movements stabilise. Original estimates can be produced and will continue to be published as usual. For more details please see paragraphs 20-35 of the Methodology  and the ABS Feature Articles: Methods changes during the COVID-19 period (cat. no. 1359.0 for June 2020); When It's not "Business-as-usual": Implications for ABS Time Series (cat. no. 1350.0 for Aug 2009).

      COVID-19 from February 2020

      In response to the need for additional data and analysis due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABS is releasing a series of feature articles containing additional state and territory level analysis of overseas visitor arrivals over the coming months, as well as national and state and territory information on arrivals of overseas students. See the left hand navigation pane to access information on a specific state/territory or article.

      The World Health Organisation (WHO) commenced daily situation reports of the COVID-19 outbreak on 21 January 2020 and identified it as an international health emergency on 30 January. This was less than a month after suspected cases were reported in Wuhan, China. The Australian Government placed travel restrictions on those travelling to Australia initially from mainland China commencing 1 February. Other restrictions from other countries soon followed as the crisis worsened around the globe. From 20 March 2020, all overseas travel was banned, with few exceptions. For more information, see the Prime Minister's media release on border restrictions or the Smartraveller page from the Australian government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade website.

      Data notes

      This release contains overseas movement data which should not be interpreted as 'persons'. See Explanatory Note 7 in the Methodology for more detail.

      The statistics in this release have been rounded. See Explanatory Notes 36-38 in the Methodology for more detail.

      Inquiries

      For further information about these and related statistics, contact the National Information and Referral Service on 1300 135 070. The ABS Privacy Policy outlines how the ABS will handle any personal information that you provide to the ABS.

      Data downloads

      I-notes

      Table 1: Total movement, arrivals - category of movement

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      Table 2: Total movement, departures - category of movement

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      Table 3: Short-term movement, visitors arriving - selected countries of residence: trend

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      Table 4: Short-term movement, visitors arriving - selected countries of residence: seasonally adjusted

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      Table 5: Short-term movement, visitors arriving - selected countries of residence: original

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      Table 6: Short-term movement, visitors arriving - intended length of stay and main reason for journey: original

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      Table 7: Short-term movement, residents returning - selected destinations: trend

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      Table 8: Short-term movement, residents returning - selected destinations: seasonally adjusted

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      Table 9: Short-term movement, residents returning - selected destinations: original

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      Table 10: Short-term movements, residents returning - length of stay and main reason for journey: original

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      Table 11: Short-term movement, visitors arriving - state of intended stay: original

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      Table 12: Short-term movement, residents returning - state of intended stay: original

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      ABS.Stat datasets

      Help for: ABS.Stat datasets

      Short-term movement, visitors arriving and residents returning - intended length of stay and main reason for journey: original 
      Short-term movement, visitors arriving and residents returning - selected countries of residence/destinations: original, seasonally adjusted and trend 

      Methodology

      Overseas Arrivals and Departures, Australia methodology, May 2020